Study the variation of  serum protein electrophoresis in dairy cows affecting by metritis and mastitis

Khelaf Saidani; Ahmed Khiredine Metref; Nedjma Aouane

Khelaf Saidani veterinary science institute, blida(1) university, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-5865
Ahmed Khiredine Metref veterinary science institute, blida(1) university, Algeria
Nedjma Aouane Higher National Veterinary School of Algiers, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-9504

Keywords: Dairy Cows; SPE; Metritis; Mastitis.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in dairy cows suffering from mastitis and metritis, and to explore the influence of these inflammatory diseases on the concentrations of different serum protein fractions. 148 dairy cows were enrolled in the study, including 23 cows with clinical signs of various inflammatory diseases metritis (n=13), mastitis (n=10). The cows were of local breed and their crossbreeds at the different ages. 125 clinically healthy dairy cows were taken as the control group. The cows were blood sampled for the determination of total serum proteins and serum protein fractions. The separation of plasma proteins on an agarose gel using an alkaline buffer (pH 9.1) by electrophoresis in a semi-automatic system (HYDRASYS). The protein fractions were divided into albumin, α1-, α2-, β, and γ-globulins. Statistical analyses were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to check normality according to Kappes before performing parametric tests such as Student T test and Analysis of variance. One-way nonparametric analysis of variance was applied to compare groups (Kruskal–Wallis test), when the assumptions of one-way ANOVA were not met. In cows with metritis and mastitis significant changes for albumin (P < 0.01) and, (P <0 .05) for α₁, α_2,TP (Total Proteins). Significant changes were found in the level of α₁-globulins zone, similar changes were observed also in the level of α₂-globulins zone, with BCS (p value < 0,01). The low significant are found about β globulins with others factors (F value <0,5), in opposite with γ globulins, her level increased significantly with all factors (P value <0,1), especially with age (P value <0,001). The albumin to globulin ration being inversely proportional to globulin concentrations, this resulted in a lower ration in sick cattle (P value <0,01), can serve as indicator to manage the transition period. Our results suggest marked influence of mastitis and metritis diseases on the concentrations of serum protein fractions in dairy cows along with age and BCS (body condition score). The results could be useful for veterinary practitioners in the early diagnosis in reproductive disorders such as metritis and mastitis.